Investigating Forces & Motion

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INI File | 1998-02-10 | 10KB | 331 lines

[question1] type:3 caption:\ These graphs show the results of tensile tests (load against \ extension) for four different materials. Which graph shows the result \ you might expect for a glass specimen? correct:11g8c wrong1:11g8a wrong2:11g8b wrong3:11g8d feedback:\ Glass is brittle and breaks almost immediately after its elastic limit \ is reached. [question2] type:3 caption:\ These graphs show the results of tensile tests (load against \ extension) for four different materials. Which graph shows the results \ you might expect for a copper specimen? correct:11g8a wrong1:11g8b wrong2:11g8c wrong3:11g8d feedback:\ Copper is a ductile metal and stretches permanently after its elastic \ limit is reached. [question3] type:3 caption:\ These graphs show the results of tensile tests (load against \ extension) for four different materials. Which graph shows the result \ you might expect for a rubber specimen? correct:11g8b wrong1:11g8a wrong2:11g8c wrong3:11g8d feedback:\ Rubber is highly elastic. It can return to its original shape after \ much larger extensions than other materials. [question4] type:3 caption:\ These graphs show the results of tensile tests (load against \ extension) for four different materials. Which graph shows the result \ you might expect for a polythene specimen? correct:11g8d wrong1:11g8a wrong2:11g8b wrong3:11g8c feedback:\ Polythene is plastic. It can be stretched plastically to very large \ permanent extensions. [question5] type:2 caption:\ A load is hung from a specimen and the extension produced is measured. \ When the load is removed and the specimen is measured again, it is \ found to have returned to its original length. Which word best \ describes the behaviour of the specimen in this test? correct:elastic wrong1:plastic wrong2:ductile wrong3:brittle feedback:This is elastic behaviour. [question6] type:2 caption:\ A load is hung from a specimen and the extension produced measured. \ When the load is removed and the specimen is measured again, it is \ found to have been permanently stretched. Which word best describes \ the behaviour of the specimen in this test? correct:plastic wrong1:hard wrong2:elastic wrong3:brittle feedback:This is plastic behaviour. [question7] type:1 image:11g9 caption:\ This graph shows tensile tests (load against extension) for four \ different rubber specimens. Which specimen was strongest? correct:Specimen b wrong1:Specimen a wrong2:Specimen c wrong3:Specimen d feedback:\ Specimen b was the strongest material, because it withstood the \ highest load before it fractured. [question8] type:1 image:11g9 caption:\ This graph shows tensile tests (load against extension) for four \ different rubber specimens. Which specimen stretched most easily? correct:Specimen d wrong1:Specimen a wrong2:Specimen b wrong3:Specimen c feedback:\ Specimen d stretched most easily, because it required the smallest \ load to produce a given extension. [question9] type:1 image:11g10 caption:\ This graph shows load against extension tests for four different \ specimens. Which specimen obeys Hooke's law most closely? correct:Specimen c wrong1:Specimen a wrong2:Specimen b wrong3:Specimen d feedback:\ When a material obeys Hooke's law, its graph of extension against load \ is a straight line. Specimen c obeys Hooke's law most closely. [question10] type:1 image:11g11 caption:Up to what load does this specimen obey Hooke's law? correct:600 N wrong1:500 N wrong2:800 N wrong3:1 000 N feedback:\ When a material obeys Hooke's law, its graph of extension against load \ is a straight line. The graph is a straight line up to a load of 600 \ N. [question11] type:2 caption:\ Hooke's law can be expressed by the formula F = kx, \ where F is the load, x is the extension, and k is \ a constant. A spring that obeys Hooke's law extends by 0.02 m when a \ 40 N load hangs from it. What is the value of k? correct:2 000 N/m wrong1:8.0 N/m wrong2:0.005 N/m wrong3:500 N/m feedback:\ F = kx\ Therefore,\ <img src="sa11q11a" align=center>\ <img src="sa11q11b" align=center>\ <center>= 2 000 N/m.</center> [question12] type:2 caption:\ A particular spring obeys Hooke's law. If F = 500x and \ the total length of the spring is 0.25 m when a 15 N load is hung from \ it, what is the spring's natural (unstretched) length? correct:0.22 m wrong1:0.20 m wrong2:0.23 m wrong3:0.25 m feedback:\ Stretched length = unstretched length + extension\ So, unstretched length = stretched length - extension\ To find the extension, use the formula:\ F = kx\ Therefore,\ <img src="sa11q12a" align=center>\ <img src="sa11q12b" align=center>\ <center>= 0.03</center>\ So, unstretched length = 0.25 - 0.03\ <center>= 0.22 m.</center> [question13] type:1 image:11g12 caption:\ This graph shows the results of a tensile test on a spring that obeys \ Hooke's law. What is the value of the constant, k, in the \ equation F = kx? correct:2 000 N/m wrong1:5.0 N/m wrong2:500 N/m wrong3:20 000N/m feedback:\ The constant, k, in the equation F = kx is the \ gradient of the graph of F against x.\ Reading from the graph, when the force is 200 N, the extension is 0.10 \ m.\ Therefore,\ <img src="sa11q13a" align=center>\ <center>= 2 000 N/m.</center> [question14] type:2 caption:\ Which of these words best describes the behaviour of glass in the \ tensile test? correct:brittle wrong1:plastic wrong2:ductile wrong3:soft feedback:Glass is a brittle material. [question15] type:1 image:11g13 caption:\ This graph shows the relationship between extension and load for four \ different springs. To which spring does the equation F = 1 \ 000x apply, where F is the load and x is the \ extension? correct:Spring b wrong1:Spring a wrong2:Spring c wrong3:Spring d feedback:\ If the equation F = 1 000x applies, then a graph of \ F against x will be a straight line with a gradient of 1 \ 000 N/m.\ Line b shows the load as 100 N when the extension is 0.10 m. The \ gradient of this line is:\ <img src="sa11q15a" align=center> [question16] type:1 image:11g13 caption:\ This graph shows the relationship between extension and load for four \ different springs. To which spring does the equation F = 4 000 \ x apply, where F is the load and x is the \ extension? correct:Spring d wrong1:Spring a wrong2:Spring b wrong3:Spring c feedback:\ If the equation F = 4 000x applies, then a graph of \ F against x will be a straight line with a gradient of 4 \ 000 N/m.\ Line d shows the load as 400 N when the extension is 0.10 m. The \ gradient of this line is:\ <img src="sa11q16a" align=center> [question17] type:2 caption:\ A spring with an unstretched length of 0.10 m is stretched to 0.12 m \ by a 15 N load. Assuming the spring continues to obey Hooke's law, \ what will its length be when the load is increased to 37.5 N? correct:0.15 m wrong1:0.11 m wrong2:0.13 m wrong3:0.14 m feedback:\ If the spring obeys Hooke's law, then the equation F = \ kx. applies, where F is the load and x is the \ extension.\ x = stretched - unstretched length\ <center>= 0.12 - 0.10</center>\ <center>= 0.02 m</center>\ Therefore, since F = kx:\ <img src="sa11q11a" align=center>\ <img src="sa11q17a" align=center>\ <center>= 750 N/m</center>\ So, when F = 37.5 N:\ 37.5 = 750x\ <img src="sa11q17b" align=center>\ <center>= 0.05 m</center>\ This means that the new length will be:\ 0.10 + 0.05 = 0.15 m. [question18] type:2 caption:\ A 200 N weight hangs from an elastic rope. If the stretched rope is \ 2.5 m long and it obeys Hooke's law with F = 400x, what \ is the rope's unstretched length? correct:2.0 m wrong1:0.5 m wrong2:1.0 m wrong3:2.5 m feedback:\ Unstretched length = stretched length - extension\ F = 400x\ Therefore,\ <img src="sa11q18a" align=center>\ <img src="sa11q18b" align=center>\ <center>= 0.5 m</center>\ The unstretched length = 2.5 - 0.5\ <center>= 2.0 m.</center> [question19] type:1 image:11g14 caption:\ The designer of a bicycle frame needs a material that is very stiff. \ The frame must change shape as little as possible when forces are \ applied to it. The graph shows tensile tests for specimens of \ different materials but identical sizes. Which material is the \ stiffest? correct:Material a wrong1:Material b wrong2:Material c wrong3:Material d feedback:\ The stiffest material will need the biggest load to produce a given \ extension. [question20] type:1 image:11g14 caption:\ The designer of a children's play park needs a material that is very \ flexible to make a safe surface. The surface must 'give' as much as \ possible when children fall on it. The graph shows the tensile tests \ for specimens of different materials but identical sizes. Which \ material is the most flexible? correct:Material d wrong1:Material a wrong2:Material b wrong3:Material c feedback:\ The most flexible material will require the smallest load to produce a \ given extension.